Transgenic plants and animals wikipedia

The following points highlight the top twelve applications of transgenic animals. Resistance to a herbicide the second generation of crops aimed to improve the quality often by altering the nutrient. Mice however are the most popularly tested animals in. 5 1 1 basic requirements in gene transfer the knowledge of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of its action regulation of gene expression and safety of transgene and its. Animals usually are made transgenic by having a small sequence of foreign dna injected into a fertilized egg or developing embryo. Transgenic plants possess a gene or genes that have been transferred from a different species such as another plant or a microorganism or other source. For example we have transgenic models for diseases such as alzheimer s and cancer. Transgenic plants insects fish and mammals including humans have been bred. The monoclonal antibodies peptide hormones cytokinins and blood plasma proteins are being produced in transgenic plants and their parts such as tobacco in leaves potato in tubers sugarcane in stems and maize in seed endosperm. Transgenic or genetically modified organisms be they bacteria viruses or fungi serve many research purposes. These transgenic models are used in research for the development of medicines. Transgenic animals are specially designed to study the role of genes in the development of certain diseases. Transgenic plants and animals transgenic plants are plants that have been genetically engineered a breeding approach that uses recombinant dna techniques to create plants with new characteristics. Theoretically all living beings can be genetically manipulated. Transgenic animals are those that have been genetically modified.

In biological research transgenic fruit flies drosophila melanogaster are model organisms used to study the effects of genetic changes on development. Fruit flies are often preferred over other animals due to their short life cycle and low maintenance requirements. Genetically modified crops gm crops are genetically modified plants that are used in agriculture the first crops developed were used for animal or human food and provide resistance to certain pests diseases environmental conditions spoilage or chemical treatments e g. Transgenic plants can produce a variety of proteins used in diagnostics for detecting and curing human and animal diseases in large scale with low cost. Transgenic plants such as corn and soybean have replaced wild strains in agriculture in some countries e g. Sheep goats pigs cows rabbits rats mice fish insects parasites and even humans have previously been used in this modification process. A transgenic animal is one that carries a foreign gene that has been inserted into its genome.

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